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Despite forming in the inner solar system from broadly similar starting materials, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and the Moon each represent a unique outcome of the planetary formation process. Processes occurring deep inside planets drive the evolution of planetary crusts and atmospheres, which both control planetary habitability. This course explores how geophysical approaches such as gravity, topography, seismology, heat flow, and magnetism provide insight into the thermal and chemical histories of each rocky world. We cover how planetary scientists study ancient processes such as core formation, impact cratering, magnetic field generation, mantle convection, and tectonics by a combination of spacecraft measurements, modeling, and laboratory analyses of extraterrestrial materials. Recommended prerequisites: PHYSICS 41, 43, and MATH 51 or CME 100, or instructor consent.

This course provides a survey of the rapidly growing field of machine learning in the physical sciences. It covers various areas such as inverse problems, emulating physical processes, model discovery given data, and solution discovery given equations. It both introduces the background knowledge required to implement physics-informed deep learning and provides practical in-class coding exercises. Students have the opportunity to apply this emerging methodology to their own research interests across all fields of the physical sciences, including geophysics, climate, fluids, or other systems where the same technique applies. Students develop individual projects throughout the semester. Recommended Prerequisite: Calculus (e.g. Math 21), Differential Equations (e.g. MATH 53 or PHYSICS 111) or equivalents.

(Formerly GEOLSCI 230) Lectures and laboratory experiments. Properties of rocks and geomaterials and how they relate to chemo-mechanical processes in crustal settings, reservoirs, and man-made materials. Focus is on properties such as porosity, permeability, acoustic wave velocity, and electrical resistivity. Students may investigate a scientific problem to support their own research (4 units). Prerequisites: Physics 41 (or equivalent) and CME 100. Change of Department Name: Earth and Planetary Science (Formerly Geologic Sciences).

Statistical and computational methods for inferring images from incomplete data. Bayesian inference methods are used to combine data and quantify uncertainty in the estimate. Fast linear algebra tools are used to solve problems with many pixels and many observations. Applications from several fields but mainly in earth sciences. Prerequisites: Linear algebra and probability theory.

Earthquake and volcanic deformation, emphasizing analytical models that can be compared to data from GPS, InSAR, and strain meters. Dislocation and crack models of faults. Dislocations in layered and elastically heterogeneous earth models. Models of volcano deformation, including sills, dikes, and magma chambers. Viscoelasticity, post-seismic rebound, and viscoelastic magma chambers. Selected topics including: gravity changes induced by deformation and elastogravitational coupling; Poro-elasticity, coupled fluid flow and deformation; earthquake nucleation and rate-state friction.

Required for graduate students in their first two years (six quarters total), and strongly encouraged for all members of the Department. This course consists of a lecture by a different speaker each week, distinguished scientists selected by students and faculty to present a wide cross-section of Geophysics. Occasional sessions are devoted to general topics of interest to the Department of Geophysics. Invited experts introduce their research problems, methods and results. Offered every year, autumn and winter and spring quarter.

Research in reflection seismology and petroleum prospecting. May be repeated for credit.

Research on the use of geophysical methods for near-surface environmental problems. May be repeated for credit.

Research on physics and mechanics of earthquakes, volcanoes, ice sheets, and glaciers. Emphasis is on developing theoretical understanding of processes governing natural phenomena.