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LINGUIST 30N: Linguistic Meaning and the Law

We will investigate how inherent properties of language, such as ambiguity, vagueness and context-dependence, play into the meaning of a legal text, and how the meaning of a law can remain invariant while its range of application can change with the facts and with our discovery of what the facts are. Our focus will be on the perspective linguistic analysis brings to legal theory, addressing current controversies surrounding different conceptions of `textualism¿ and drawing on well-known examples of legal reasoning about language in cases of identity fraud, obstruction of justice and genocide.
Terms: Win | Units: 3 | UG Reqs: WAY-FR
Instructors: ; Condoravdi, C. (PI)

LINGUIST 35: Minds and Machines (CS 24, PHIL 99, PSYCH 35, SYMSYS 1, SYMSYS 200)

(Formerly SYMSYS 100). An overview of the interdisciplinary study of cognition, information, communication, and language, with an emphasis on foundational issues: What are minds? What is computation? What are rationality and intelligence? Can we predict human behavior? Can computers be truly intelligent? How do people and technology interact, and how might they do so in the future? Lectures focus on how the methods of philosophy, mathematics, empirical research, and computational modeling are used to study minds and machines. Students must take this course before being approved to declare Symbolic Systems as a major. All students interested in studying Symbolic Systems are urged to take this course early in their student careers. The course material and presentation will be at an introductory level, without prerequisites. If you have any questions about the course, please email symsys1staff@gmail.com.
Terms: Aut, Win, Sum | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-FR

LINGUIST 105: Phonetics (LINGUIST 205A)

Every time you speak a word, you say it differently than the time before. Getting all the movements used during speech production to produce an exact repetition of a word is nearly impossible. Your friends and family also vary in how they say words, and this variation differs across speech styles, emotions, and social communities. Imagine that. Our minds encounter thousands of different productions of a single word, but somehow identify it as one word, and not another. Phonetics is the systematic study of the articulation, acoustics, and perception in speech and can help us explain how different talkers vary their speech, how information from speech is used by listeners to understand one another, and how listeners store social and linguistic information in memory. Through lectures, class activities, and weekly lab assignments, this class highlights both the complexity of the physical nature of speech production, how we can understand the resulting acoustic signal, and how that signal is interpreted and understood by listeners. By the end of this course, you will be able to (1) look at a visual representation of speech and understand what you are looking at; (2) manipulate speech samples to understand how listeners experience language and categorize different speech sounds; (3) understand the processes involved in articulating speech sounds; (4) explain how linguistic segments interact with cues to emotion, gender, and other macro-social attributes; and (5) identify the ways an understanding of speech variation can be used to advance our understanding of spoken language understanding my humans and machines. We will be using the software program Praat (https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/) weekly, beginning the first week of class. Please download the program and have it installed on your computer before class begins.
Terms: Win | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-SMA

LINGUIST 121A: The Syntax of English

A data-driven introduction to the study of generative syntax through an in-depth investigation of the sentence structure of English. Emphasis is on central aspects of English syntax, but the principles of theory and analysis extend to the study of the syntax of other languages. The course focuses on building up syntactic argumentation skills via the collective development of a partial formal theory of sentence structure, which attempts to model native speaker knowledge. Satisfies the WIM requirement for Linguistics and the WAY-FR requirement. Prerequisites: none (can be taken before or after Linguistics 121B). The discussion section is mandatory.
Terms: Win | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: WAY-FR

LINGUIST 130A: Introduction to Semantics and Pragmatics (LINGUIST 230A)

Linguistic meaning and its role in communication. Topics include logical semantics, conversational implicature, presupposition, and speech acts. Applications to issues in politics, the law, philosophy, advertising, and natural language processing. Those who have not taken logic, such as PHIL 150 or 151, should attend section. Prerequisites: LINGUIST 1, SYMSYS 1 (LINGUIST 35), consent of instructor, or graduate standing in Linguistics
Terms: Win | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-FR

LINGUIST 132: Lexical Semantic Typology

This course surveys how languages express members of the basic conceptual categories entity, event, property, and spatial relation. It examines strategies languages use to name members of these categories, and factors that might influence the choices languages make. Relatedly, it explores similarities and differences among languages in the sets of words they have to express notions within various conceptual domains. Restricted to undergraduates. Prerequisites: Linguist 116A, 121A, 121B, 130A, or 130B, or permission of the instructor
Terms: Win | Units: 4
Instructors: ; Levin, B. (PI)

LINGUIST 150: Language and Society

This course explores the social life of spoken language. Students learn to address the following big questions about language and society: Why do languages vary across different time periods, locations, and social groups? What do our opinions about the way other people speak tell us about society? How do our social identities and goals influence the way we speak? And how do we use language to alter our social relationships?
Terms: Win | Units: 3-4 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-EDP, WAY-SI

LINGUIST 180: From Languages to Information (CS 124, LINGUIST 280)

Extracting meaning, information, and structure from human language text, speech, web pages, social networks. Introducing methods (regex, edit distance, naive Bayes, logistic regression, neural embeddings, inverted indices, collaborative filtering, PageRank), applications (chatbots, sentiment analysis, information retrieval, question answering, text classification, social networks, recommender systems), and ethical issues in both. Prerequisites: CS106B, Python (at the level of CS106A), CS109 (or equivalent background in probability), and programming maturity and knowledge of UNIX equivalent to CS107 (or taking CS107 or CS1U concurrently).
Terms: Win | Units: 3-4 | UG Reqs: WAY-AQR

LINGUIST 195A: Undergraduate Research Workshop

Designed for undergraduates beginning or working on research projects in linguistics. Participants present and receive feedback on their projects and receive tips on the research and writing process.
Terms: Win, Spr | Units: 1 | Repeatable 2 times (up to 2 units total)
Instructors: ; Lu, J. (PI)

LINGUIST 197A: Undergraduate Research Seminar

Senior capstone seminar. Joint readings in an annually varying topic, exploring the implications and importance of linguistic research for other domains of knowledge or practice.
Terms: Win | Units: 2-3 | Repeatable 2 times (up to 6 units total)
Instructors: ; Potts, C. (PI)

LINGUIST 205A: Phonetics (LINGUIST 105)

Every time you speak a word, you say it differently than the time before. Getting all the movements used during speech production to produce an exact repetition of a word is nearly impossible. Your friends and family also vary in how they say words, and this variation differs across speech styles, emotions, and social communities. Imagine that. Our minds encounter thousands of different productions of a single word, but somehow identify it as one word, and not another. Phonetics is the systematic study of the articulation, acoustics, and perception in speech and can help us explain how different talkers vary their speech, how information from speech is used by listeners to understand one another, and how listeners store social and linguistic information in memory. Through lectures, class activities, and weekly lab assignments, this class highlights both the complexity of the physical nature of speech production, how we can understand the resulting acoustic signal, and how that signal is interpreted and understood by listeners. By the end of this course, you will be able to (1) look at a visual representation of speech and understand what you are looking at; (2) manipulate speech samples to understand how listeners experience language and categorize different speech sounds; (3) understand the processes involved in articulating speech sounds; (4) explain how linguistic segments interact with cues to emotion, gender, and other macro-social attributes; and (5) identify the ways an understanding of speech variation can be used to advance our understanding of spoken language understanding my humans and machines. We will be using the software program Praat (https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/) weekly, beginning the first week of class. Please download the program and have it installed on your computer before class begins.
Terms: Win | Units: 4

LINGUIST 216: Morphology

Major contemporary approaches to morphology. Word-based vs. morpheme-based morphol- ogy. Realizational vs. generative morphology. Affix ordering and morphological constituency. The mirror principle. The morphology/syntax boundary and the lexicalist hypothesis. Compound- ing: synthetic and phrasal compounds, incorporation. Prosodic morphology. The semantics of inflection and derivation. Feature decomposition of inflectional categories: markedness, blocking, underspecification. Gaps and periphrasis. Inheritance hierarchies. Valence-changing operations. A graduate-level course in syntax or phonology required.
Terms: Win | Units: 3-4

LINGUIST 222B: Foundations of Syntactic Theory II

The second course in the graduate-level sequence in syntax. The course focuses on the properties of movement and its place in the overall architecture of grammar. We will be concerned with the nature of unbounded dependency constructions such as constituent questions, topicalization, relative clauses, clefts, and others. Some of the specific themes include A-bar movement, locality and constraints on extraction, successive cyclicity, as well as crosslinguistic variation in the way unbounded dependencies are established. The practical aim of this course is to further develop a solid conceptual, analytical and empirical basis for research in syntax; this includes the honing of syntactic argumentation skills, which is accomplished through written work and in-class discussion.
Terms: Win | Units: 3-4
Instructors: ; Harizanov, B. (PI)

LINGUIST 225S: Syntax and Morphology Research Seminar

Presentation of ongoing research in syntax and morphology. May be repeated for credit.
Terms: Aut, Win, Spr | Units: 1 | Repeatable for credit (up to 99 units total)
Instructors: ; Harizanov, B. (PI)

LINGUIST 230A: Introduction to Semantics and Pragmatics (LINGUIST 130A)

Linguistic meaning and its role in communication. Topics include logical semantics, conversational implicature, presupposition, and speech acts. Applications to issues in politics, the law, philosophy, advertising, and natural language processing. Those who have not taken logic, such as PHIL 150 or 151, should attend section. Prerequisites: LINGUIST 1, SYMSYS 1 (LINGUIST 35), consent of instructor, or graduate standing in Linguistics
Terms: Win | Units: 4

LINGUIST 236S: Construction of Meaning Research Seminar

Presentation of ongoing research in semantics and pragmatics. May be repeated for credit.
Terms: Aut, Win, Spr | Units: 1 | Repeatable 10 times (up to 10 units total)

LINGUIST 245B: Methods in Psycholinguistics (SYMSYS 195L)

Over the past 20 years, linguists have become increasingly interested in testing theories with a wider range of empirical data than the traditionally accepted introspective judgments of hand-selected linguistic examples. Consequently, linguistics has seen a surge of interest in psycholinguistic methods across all subfields. This course will provide an overview of various standard psycholinguistic techniques and measures, including offline judgments (e.g., binary categorization tasks like truth-value judgments, Likert scale ratings, continuous slider ratings), response times, reading times, and eye-tracking. Students will present and discuss research articles, but the bulk of the course is project-based: students will run an experiment (either a replication or an original design, if conducive to the student's research) to gain hands-on experience with experimental design and web-based experimentation; data management, analysis, and visualization in R; and open science tools like git/GitHub and pre-registration.
Terms: Win | Units: 4

LINGUIST 247L: Alps Research Lab

Regular meetings of members of the Alps Lab.
Terms: Aut, Win, Spr | Units: 1 | Repeatable 20 times (up to 20 units total)
Instructors: ; Degen, J. (PI)

LINGUIST 259A: Introduction to Contact Linguistics

Language contact occurs when the speakers of two or more languages or varieties come interact with each other. In this introduction to Contact Linguistics, you will learn some of the structural outcomes of contact as they relate to the communities and individuals coming into contact. Prerequisites: Graduate standing or permission of instructor. Open to undergraduates with permission of instructor only.
Terms: Aut, Win | Units: 4
Instructors: ; Sims, N. (PI)

LINGUIST 259L: CVC Research Lab

Regular meetings of the Contact, Variation, and Change Research Lab. Meetings consist of presentations of research, discussions of readings, and collaborative research project work.
Terms: Aut, Win, Spr | Units: 1 | Repeatable 20 times (up to 20 units total)
Instructors: ; Sims, N. (PI)

LINGUIST 276E: Stanford Black Academic Lab: Community-Based Participatory Methods (AFRICAAM 488, CSRE 388, EDUC 488)

This lab-based course is an overview of research methods that are used in the development of Black educators, including survey research, individual and focus group interviews, ethnographic methods, and documentary activism. Lab participants will be guided through critical thinking about the professional and personal development of Black educators while assessing the utility and relevance of research-based responses to that development in partnership with a particular educational organization or agency.
Terms: Win | Units: 2-5
Instructors: ; Charity Hudley, A. (PI)

LINGUIST 280: From Languages to Information (CS 124, LINGUIST 180)

Extracting meaning, information, and structure from human language text, speech, web pages, social networks. Introducing methods (regex, edit distance, naive Bayes, logistic regression, neural embeddings, inverted indices, collaborative filtering, PageRank), applications (chatbots, sentiment analysis, information retrieval, question answering, text classification, social networks, recommender systems), and ethical issues in both. Prerequisites: CS106B, Python (at the level of CS106A), CS109 (or equivalent background in probability), and programming maturity and knowledge of UNIX equivalent to CS107 (or taking CS107 or CS1U concurrently).
Terms: Win | Units: 3-4

LINGUIST 284: Natural Language Processing with Deep Learning (CS 224N, SYMSYS 195N)

Methods for processing human language information and the underlying computational properties of natural languages. Focus on deep learning approaches: understanding, implementing, training, debugging, visualizing, and extending neural network models for a variety of language understanding tasks. Exploration of natural language tasks ranging from simple word level and syntactic processing to coreference, question answering, and machine translation. Examination of representative papers and systems and completion of a final project applying a complex neural network model to a large-scale NLP problem. Prerequisites: calculus and linear algebra; CS124, CS221, or CS229.
Terms: Win, Spr | Units: 3-4

LINGUIST 289L: Computational Linguistics Research Lab

Regular meetings of the members of the Jurafsky Lab.
Terms: Aut, Win, Spr | Units: 1 | Repeatable 20 times (up to 20 units total)
Instructors: ; Jurafsky, D. (PI)
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