Results for BIO

We will explore the exciting field of personalized genomic medicine. Personalized medicine is based on the idea that each person's unique genome sequence can be used to predict their risk of developing diseases, and could perhaps even be edited using CRISPR to improve health. We will discuss the science behind these approaches; where they are heading in the future; and the ethical implications such technology presents. Student presentations will be emphasized, and students will also get to explore and analyze a real person's genome.

Introduction to the field of conservation photography and the strategic use of visual communication in addressing issues concerning the environment and conservation. Students will be introduced to basic digital photography, digital image processing, and the theory and application of photographic techniques. Case studies of conservation issues will be examined through photographs and multimedia platforms including images, video, and audio. Lectures, tutorials, demonstrations, and optional field trips will culminate in the production of individual and group projects. Cardinal Course certified by the Haas Center for Public Service.

The class will explore cystic fibrosis (CF), the most prevalent fatal genetic disease in the US, as a scientific and medical whodunit. Through reading and discussion of medical and scientific literature, we will tackle questions that include: how was life expectancy with CF increased from weeks to decades without understanding the disease mechanism? Why is the disease so prevalent? Is there an advantage to being a carrier? Is CF a single disease or a continuum of physiological variation; or- what is a disease? How did research into CF lead to discovery of the underlying cause of most other genetic diseases as well? Through critical reading of the scientific and medical literature, class discussion, field trips and meetings with genetic counselors, caregivers, patients, physicians and researchers, we will work to build a deep understanding of this disease, from the biochemical basis to the current controversies over pathogenic mechanisms, treatment strategies and the ethics and economics of genetic testing and astronomical drug costs.

Our civilization faces multiple sustainability challenges. Climate change often dominates public conversation, but in fact, a whole range of environmental, economic, political, and cultural trends threaten the structures that sustain the societies we know. These problems cannot be understood in isolation, because they interact in complex ways. Solving them will require collaboration across many different fields, from the natural and social sciences to the humanities. This one-unit course brings together over two dozen faculty from across the entire university for a series of interdisciplinary conversations around cross-cutting themes. Our aim is to encourage dialogue and perhaps even future collaborations among students and professors who might otherwise rarely interact in a classroom. All students are welcome, but frosh and sophomores may find the course especially useful as an introduction to a wide range of sustainability-related disciplines and teachers at Stanford.

Use modern molecular approaches to characterize a particular tumor-associated mutation in the human p53 tumor suppressor gene via expression and analysis in a yeast model system. Learn about the role of p53 as Guardian of the Genome and consider novel p53-directed tumor therapies through lectures and by reading and discussing journal articles. Use molecular visualization programs to examine the structure of the normal p53 protein and localize the alteration induced by the mutation you are investigating. Assay the ability of mutant p53 to activate expression of multiple reporter genes. Through facilitated discussions with teams of other students studying the same p53 mutant, consider a series of molecular explanations for your p53 mutant's functional defects. Conduct lab experiments to test these hypotheses, analyze data, collaboratively interpret these data, and present your findings through a team oral presentation, as well as a scientific poster. Although there are no pre-requisites to enroll in this class, it will be helpful if you have already taken or are concurrently enrolled in introductory courses in cell and molecular biology (BIO 82 and 83 or HUMBIO 2A and 3A) and general chemistry (CHEM 31A and 31B or CHEM 31M).

The goal of this course is to develop an understanding of how to conduct biological research, using topics in Ecology as practical examples. This includes the complete scientific process: assessing background literature, generating testable hypotheses, learning techniques for data collection, analyzing data using appropriate statistical methods and writing and sharing results. Students, working in teams, develop novel research hypotheses and execute the necessary experiments and measurements to test these hypotheses. In addition, students will learn how to manipulate, visualize, and analyze data in the statistical programming language R. The capstone of the course is a research paper in the style of a peer-reviewed journal article, as well as a group presentation designed for a general audience that communicates research findings. The Tuesday lecture session will generally meet for only about 60-70 minutes. IMPORTANT NOTE: Students who require BIO 46 to satisfy the WIM requirement for the Biology major MUST take this course for a letter grade. Please contact Elisa Mora (elisahm@stanford.edu) for logistical and enrollment questions.

Oceans make up the majority of our planet's area and living spaces and are fundamental to biodiversity, climate, food and commerce.This course covers integration of the oceanography and marine biology of diverse ocean habitats such as the deep sea, coral reefs, open ocean, temperate coasts, estuaries and polar seas. Lectures include state of the art knowledge as well as emerging technologies for future exploration. The second section focuses on how the oceans link to the global environment, and how ocean capacity helps determine human sustainability.

While climate change has impacted life at land and sea, it's impossible to know exactly how fast species will adapt to warmer and more acidic sea water, and which species will survive into the future. In this course we will explore ancient marine organisms that have adapted and survived to diverse environmental changes across millions years of evolution, in order to better understand the molecular cellular and communal elements that allowed for their success. The course will include observation and experimentation with diverse marine organisms, lectures, readings, writings, and discussions. Course taught in-person only at Hopkins Marine Station. Round-trip university shuttle provided.

The focus of the course is on the basic mechanisms underlying the transmission of genetic information and on the use of genetic analysis to study biological and medical questions. Major topics will include: (1) the use of existing genetic variation in humans and other species to identify genes that play an important role in determining traits and disease-susceptibility, (2) the analysis of mutations in model organisms and their use in the investigation of biological processes and questions and (3) using genetic information for diagnosis and the potential for genetic manipulations to treat disease. Prerequisites: None, but BIO 83 is recommended. Lecture attendance as well as discussion section attendance is mandatory. Please only enroll in the lecture section (section 01) on Axess. Discussion section enrollment will be handled on Canvas. As long as you sign up for the lecture section on Axess, you will receive an e-mail a week before classes begin to guide you on how to sign up for a section on Canvas. For logistical questions about the course, please contact Waheeda Khalfan (wkhalfan@stanford.edu).

The focus of Physiology is on understanding how organisms tackle the physical challenges of life on Earth. This course will provide an overview of animal and plant physiology and teach an understanding of how organisms maintain homeostasis, respond to environmental cues and coordinate behaviors across multiples tissues and organ systems. We will examine the structure and function of organs and organ systems and how those systems are controlled and regulated to maintain homeostasis. Control and regulation requires information as does the ability to respond to environmental stimuli, so we will give special consideration to hormonal and neural information systems. We will also be concerned with the interactions and integration of the activities of the different organ systems we study. Prerequisites: none. The course will have in person exams. Lecture attendance as well as discussion section attendance is mandatory. Please only enroll in the lecture section (section 01) on Axess. Discussion section enrollment will be handled on Canvas. As long as you sign up for the lecture section on Axess, you will receive an e-mail a week before classes begin to guide you on how to sign up for a section on Canvas. For logistical questions about the course, please contact Waheeda Khalfan at wkhalfan@stanford.edu.

Understanding evolution is key to understanding the diversity of life on earth. We will be focusing on the fundamental principles of evolutionary biology from natural and sexual selection to the formation of new species. To understand these concepts we will delve into the mechanisms that underlie them. The course will also link these fundamental processes to important contemporary evolutionary topics such as the evolution of behavior, life history evolution, and human evolution. Prerequisites: BIO 60 or 61 or 62 or equivalent; recommended: BIO 82, or permission of instructor.

California has set the ambitious goal of conserving 30% of its lands and waters by the year 2030. In this course, students will develop science-based recommendations to help policymakers reach this '30 by 30' goal. Through lectures, labs, and field trips, students will gain practical skills in ecology, protected area design in the face of climate change, and science communication. Students will apply these skills to analyze real-world data, formulate conservation recommendations, and communicate their findings in verbal and written testimony to policymakers. Prerequisites: BIO 81 or BIO/EARTHSYS 105 or BIO/EARTHSYS 111 or instructor approval.

The Ecology and Natural History of the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve is an upper-division course that aims to help students learn ecology and natural history using a 'living laboratory,' the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve. The course's central goal is that, as a community of learning, we examine 'via introductory discussions, followed by hands-on experiences in the field' the scientific basis of ecological research, archaeology, edaphology, geology, species interactions, land management, and multidisciplinary environmental education. The first 10 sessions that compose the academic program are led by the instructors, faculty (world-experts on the themes of each session), and JRBP staff. In addition, this 20-week class (winter and spring quarters) trains students to become JRBP Docents that will join the Jasper Ridge education affiliates community. Completion of both Winter (BIO 105A) and Spring (BIO 105B) sequence training program is required to join the Ecology and Natural History of Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve course.

Introduction to microbiology, with emphasis on bacteria. Topics include the cell structure of microorganisms, gene regulation, bacterial genetics, bacterial evolution and diversity, bacterial development, interaction and communication, bacterial chemotaxis and motility, microbiomes, infectious diseases, bacterial pathogenesis, host defense systems, and viruses. Strongly recommended: molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics or cell biology courses (e.g. BIO 82, 83 or 86).

Human physiology will be examined by organ systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal and endocrine. Molecular and cell biology and signaling principles that underlie organ development, pathophysiology and opportunities for regenerative medicine are discussed, as well as integrative control mechanisms and fetal development. Prerequisite: HUMBIO3A or HUMBIO4A or BIO83 or BIO84 orBIO86 or consent of instructor.

The inference of key molecular evolutionary processes from DNA and protein sequences. Topics include random genetic drift, coalescent models, effects and tests of natural selection, combined effects of linkage and natural selection, codon bias and genome evolution. Prerequisites: Biology core or BIO 82, 85 or graduate standing in any department, and consent of instructor.

BUDS is a student-centered and community-focused program that aims to connect all undergrads - but especially those from FLI and historically excluded backgrounds - to resources, skills, and potential mentors in the biosciences and beyond while fostering a vibrant peer community. We offer weekly grad student-led workshops covering a broad range of biological topics and special topic sessions (workshops, panels, community discussions). The Winter quarter session emphasizes biology at the intersection of other sciences and humanities. All sessions are open to all students regardless of course enrollment, department affiliation, experience level, or field. Visit our website here: https://biobuds.stanford.edu.

Fungi are critical, yet often hidden, components of the biosphere. They regulate decomposition, are primary partners in plant symbiosis and strongly impact agriculture and economics. Students will explore the fascinating world of fungal biology, ecology and evolution via lecture, lab, field exercises and Saturday field trips that will provide traditional and molecular experiences in the collection, analysis and industrial use of diverse fungi. Students will chose an environmental niche, collect and identify resident fungi, and hypothesize about their community relationship. Prerequisite: BIO 81, 85 recommended.

The biological causes and consequences of anthropogenic and natural changes in the atmosphere, oceans, and terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Topics: glacial cycles and marine circulation, greenhouse gases and climate change, tropical deforestation and species extinctions, and human population growth and resource use. Prerequisite: Biology or Human Biology core or BIO 81 or graduate standing.

Core course appropriate for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students with prior knowledge of calculus and a college physics course. Introduction to how physical principles offer insights into modern biology, with regard to the structural, dynamical, and functional organization of biological systems. Topics include the roles of free energy, diffusion, electromotive forces, non-equilibrium dynamics, and information in fundamental biological processes.

This course will cover a range of genetic and genomic approaches to studying human phenotypic variation and disease. We will discuss the genetic basis of Mendelian and complex diseases, as well as clinical applications including prenatal testing, and pediatric and cancer diagnostics. The course will include lectures as well as critical reading and discussion of the primary literature. Prerequisite: BIO 82 or equivalent. Open to advanced undergraduate students.

Introductory statistical methods for biological data: describing data (numerical and graphical summaries); introduction to probability; and statistical inference (hypothesis tests and confidence intervals). Intermediate statistical methods: comparing groups (analysis of variance); analyzing associations (linear and logistic regression); and methods for categorical data (contingency tables and odds ratio). Course content integrated with statistical computing in R.

NOTE: This course will be taught in-person on main campus, in hybrid format with Zoom options. The goal of this course is to learn the foundations of ecological modeling with a specific (but not exclusive) focus on marine conservation and sustainable exploitation of renewable resources. Students will be introduced to a range of methods - from basic to advanced - to characterize population structure, conduct demographic analyses, estimate extinction risk, identify temporal trends and spatial patterns, quantify the effect of environmental determinants and anthropogenic pressures on the dynamics of marine populations, describe the potential for adaptation to climate change. This course will emphasize learning by doing, and will rely heavily on practical computer laboratories, in R and/or Phyton, based on data from our own research activities or peer reviewed publications. Students with a background knowledge of statistics, programming and calculus will be most welcome. Formally BIOHOPK 143H and 243H.

Animal behavior with an emphasis on social and collective behavior. How do animals interact with each other and the rest of the world around them? This is a project-based course in a seminar format, including class discussion of journal articles, and independent research projects based on observing the behavior of animals on campus. Prerequisites suggested: Biology or Human Biology core or BIO 81 and 85 or consent of instructor; BIO/ES 30. Recommended: some background in statistics.

The neurochemistry and neurophysiology of changes in brain activity and conscious awareness are associated with changes in the sleep/wake state. Behavioral and neurobiological phenomena include sleep regulation, sleep homeostasis, circadian rhythms, sleep disorders, sleep function, and the molecular biology of sleep. Preference to seniors and graduate students.

This course will cover the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of diverse cell types and tissues during embryonic and post-embryonic animal development. Topics include the role of cell-cell communication in controlling developmental decisions, the organization and patterning of large groups of cells via morphogen signaling, the specification of individual cell types, and the role of stem cells in development. The course emphasizes the experimental logic and methods of research in developmental biology and includes discussions of research papers.

Modern research approaches tightly integrate experimentation with data analysis and mathematical modeling to provide unprecedented insights into the organization and functioning of living systems. This course explores the quantitative basis of major cellular processes and their coordination to form a cohesive physiological entity that is capable of rapid growth and acclimation to changing environments. Weekly lectures will be accompanied by 'dry lab sessions' in which students analyze experimental data sets and discuss the challenges of accomplishing rigorous and reproducible research. As such, students will actively develop a fundamental skill set of quantitative biology which includes knowledge in coding, dynamical systems modeling, and statistics. Assumes basic (but not advanced) familiarity with math, e.g. MATH51. Enrollment by permission of the professor, apply at https://forms.gle/j6ocJs8fQFPK1GGLA.

Seminar. Quantitative models for the evolution of socially transmitted traits. Rates of change of learned traits in populations and patterns of cultural diversity as a function of innovation and cultural transmission. Learning in constant and changing environments. Possible avenues for gene-culture coevolution.

Under conditions of global environmental change and mass extinction, how will humanity share the planet with wildlife? This course invites undergraduate students to consider this question under the guidance of two biologists and a literary scholar. We will engage with a range of interdisciplinary scholarship on how humans seek to study, understand, exploit, protect, and empathize with charismatic megafauna. We ask how regional differences in culture, political economy, and ecology shape conservation efforts.

Archaeobotany, also known as paleoethnobotany, is the study of the interrelationships of plants and humans through the archaeological record. Knowledge and understanding of Archaeobotany sufficient to interpret, evaluate, and understand archaeobotanical data. Dominant approaches in the study of archaeobotanical remains: plant macro-remains, pollen, phytoliths, and starch grains in the identification of diet and environmental reconstruction.

Half of the class will be reading/presenting classic and modern papers relevant to evolutionary genomics, in a "journal club" format. We will cover a broad range of topics, methods, and species. The other half will be devoted to evolutionary genomic data analysis: pairs of students will choose a data set (either their own data or published data) and a specific question, and then work throughout the quarter to answer their question.

Capstone course series for seniors. Creative, self-reflective and scientifically relevant projects conceived, produced and exhibited over the course of three quarters. Explore scientific content of personal interest through creative forms including but not limited to writing, music, fine arts, performing arts, photography, film or new media. A written essay on the creative process and scientific significance of the selected topic will accompany the creative work. Completed projects may be included in a creative portfolio. Required enrollment in 196A,B,C. May be repeat for credit. More information can be found at visit https://web.stanford.edu/~suemcc/TSR/.

Individually arranged under the supervision of members of the faculty.

Individually arranged under the supervision of members of the faculty. Credit for work arranged with out-of-department faculty is restricted to Biology majors and requires department approval. See https://biology.stanford.edu/academics/undergraduate-research/directed-reading for information and petitions. May be repeated for credit.

Individual research taken by arrangement with in-department instructors. See http://biohonors.stanford.edu for information on research sponsors, units, and credit for summer research. May be repeated for credit.

The goal of this class is to support students in developing effective scientific communication skills. It is designed to serve students working to complete a thesis based on a research project, often for Honors. In this class, students will craft elevator pitches, create and improve each section of the thesis, and practice the presentation of scientific information in the context of their own research project. Emphasis will be on building and practicing the skills for 1) completing your thesis, poster and preparing for presentation of the project and 2) gaining a conceptual understanding of effective scientific writing and communication that will be applicable more broadly. Satisfies the WIM requirement in Biology.

Individual research by arrangement with out-of-department instructors. Credit for 199X is restricted to declared Biology majors and requires department approval. See https://biology.stanford.edu/academics/undergraduate-research/research for information on research sponsors, units, petitions, deadlines, credit for summer research, and out-of-Stanford research. May be repeated for credit.

This course will focus on neuroplasticity from a broad perspective, from molecular cellular mechanism to its involvement in behavior and diseases. Emphasis will be on: a) molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying various forms of neuroplasticity; b) the neuroplasticity during brain development; c) the neuroplasticity in adult brain with respect to learning and memory; and d) maladaptive neuroplasticity in neurodegenerative disease and drug addiction. This course is designed for Ph.D. students from both the Biology and Neuroscience programs. Open to advanced undergraduates by consent of instructor.

Proteostasis, or protein homeostasis, is emerging as the central cellular process controlling the stability, function, and quality control of the proteome. The proteostasis machinery maintains the function of destabilized and mutant proteins, assists the degradation of damaged and aggregated proteins, and monitors the health of the proteome, adjusting it in response to environmental or metabolic stresses. Most mutations linked to disease act by challenging the structure, stability or function of proteins. Thus, understanding and manipulating proteostasis could hold the key for the therapeutic treatment of a wide range of diseases. Cellular proteostasis declines during aging, leading to increased prevalence of late-onset aggregation-linked amyloid diseases implicated in many devastating neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS). We will discuss basic and translational advances of the Proteostasis field and their potential to lead to novel therapies for a wide range of diseases including neurodegeneration, cancer, cardiomyopathy, cystic fibrosis, cataract, metabolic deficiencies and other chronic maladies. Topics to be Covered: 1. Protein Folding and the Molecular Chaperone Concept; 2. Mechanisms and Principle of Molecular Chaperone Action; 3. What is Proteostasis: protein folding and homeostasis in vivo; 4. The Ubiquitin Proteasome pathway and Protein Quality Control; 5. Protein Aggregation, Amyloids and Neurodegenerative Disease; 6. Proteostasis dysfunction and ageing; 7. Therapeutics targeting "proteostasis."

For Ph.D. students. Taught from the current literature on cell structure, function, and dynamics. Topics include complex cell phenomena such as cell division, apoptosis, signaling, compartmentalization, transport and trafficking, motility and adhesion, and differentiation. Weekly reading of current papers from the primary literature. Advanced undergraduates may participate with the permission of the Course Director.

Core course appropriate for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students with prior knowledge of calculus and a college physics course. Introduction to how physical principles offer insights into modern biology, with regard to the structural, dynamical, and functional organization of biological systems. Topics include the roles of free energy, diffusion, electromotive forces, non-equilibrium dynamics, and information in fundamental biological processes.

Fungi are critical, yet often hidden, components of the biosphere. They regulate decomposition, are primary partners in plant symbiosis and strongly impact agriculture and economics. Students will explore the fascinating world of fungal biology, ecology and evolution via lecture, lab, field exercises and Saturday field trips that will provide traditional and molecular experiences in the collection, analysis and industrial use of diverse fungi. Students will chose an environmental niche, collect and identify resident fungi, and hypothesize about their community relationship. Prerequisite: BIO 81, 85 recommended.

NOTE: This course will be taught in-person on main campus, in hybrid format with Zoom options. The goal of this course is to learn the foundations of ecological modeling with a specific (but not exclusive) focus on marine conservation and sustainable exploitation of renewable resources. Students will be introduced to a range of methods - from basic to advanced - to characterize population structure, conduct demographic analyses, estimate extinction risk, identify temporal trends and spatial patterns, quantify the effect of environmental determinants and anthropogenic pressures on the dynamics of marine populations, describe the potential for adaptation to climate change. This course will emphasize learning by doing, and will rely heavily on practical computer laboratories, in R and/or Phyton, based on data from our own research activities or peer reviewed publications. Students with a background knowledge of statistics, programming and calculus will be most welcome. Formally BIOHOPK 143H and 243H.

The inference of key molecular evolutionary processes from DNA and protein sequences. Topics include random genetic drift, coalescent models, effects and tests of natural selection, combined effects of linkage and natural selection, codon bias and genome evolution. Prerequisites: Biology core or BIO 82, 85 or graduate standing in any department, and consent of instructor.

Animal behavior with an emphasis on social and collective behavior. How do animals interact with each other and the rest of the world around them? This is a project-based course in a seminar format, including class discussion of journal articles, and independent research projects based on observing the behavior of animals on campus. Prerequisites suggested: Biology or Human Biology core or BIO 81 and 85 or consent of instructor; BIO/ES 30. Recommended: some background in statistics.

This course will cover a range of genetic and genomic approaches to studying human phenotypic variation and disease. We will discuss the genetic basis of Mendelian and complex diseases, as well as clinical applications including prenatal testing, and pediatric and cancer diagnostics. The course will include lectures as well as critical reading and discussion of the primary literature. Prerequisite: BIO 82 or equivalent. Open to advanced undergraduate students.

The neurochemistry and neurophysiology of changes in brain activity and conscious awareness are associated with changes in the sleep/wake state. Behavioral and neurobiological phenomena include sleep regulation, sleep homeostasis, circadian rhythms, sleep disorders, sleep function, and the molecular biology of sleep. Preference to seniors and graduate students.

Modern research approaches tightly integrate experimentation with data analysis and mathematical modeling to provide unprecedented insights into the organization and functioning of living systems. This course explores the quantitative basis of major cellular processes and their coordination to form a cohesive physiological entity that is capable of rapid growth and acclimation to changing environments. Weekly lectures will be accompanied by 'dry lab sessions' in which students analyze experimental data sets and discuss the challenges of accomplishing rigorous and reproducible research. As such, students will actively develop a fundamental skill set of quantitative biology which includes knowledge in coding, dynamical systems modeling, and statistics. Assumes basic (but not advanced) familiarity with math, e.g. MATH51. Enrollment by permission of the professor, apply at https://forms.gle/j6ocJs8fQFPK1GGLA.

Seminar. Quantitative models for the evolution of socially transmitted traits. Rates of change of learned traits in populations and patterns of cultural diversity as a function of innovation and cultural transmission. Learning in constant and changing environments. Possible avenues for gene-culture coevolution.

Archaeobotany, also known as paleoethnobotany, is the study of the interrelationships of plants and humans through the archaeological record. Knowledge and understanding of Archaeobotany sufficient to interpret, evaluate, and understand archaeobotanical data. Dominant approaches in the study of archaeobotanical remains: plant macro-remains, pollen, phytoliths, and starch grains in the identification of diet and environmental reconstruction.

Open to upper-division undergraduates and graduate students. Practical, supervised teaching experience in a biology lab or lecture course. Training often includes attending lectures, initiating and planning discussion sections, and assisting in the preparation course materials. May be repeated for credit.nPrerequisite: consent of instructor.

Development and Teaching of Core Experimental LaboratoriesPreparation for teaching the core experimental lab courses (45 and 47). Emphasis is on practicing the lab, speaking, and writing skills. Taken simultaneously while teaching (for BIO 45) or during the previous quarter (for teaching BIO 47). May be repeated for credit. Meeting times TBD.

This course is required for international students who are participating in professional internships in organizations (e.g. research institutes, education, medicine, business, policy) with a focus in the biological sciences. Students will be engaged in on-the-job training under the guidance of experienced, on-site supervisors. This course meets the requirements for curricular practical training (CPT) for students with F-1D/S status. Prior to the internship, students are required to submit a concise report detailing the proposed project and work activities. After the internship, students are required to submit a summary of the work completed, skills learned, and reflection of the professional growth gained as a result of the internship. This course may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Qualified offer of employment and consent of advisor.

Physical biology of dynamical and mechanical processes in cells. Emphasis is on qualitative understanding of biological functions through quantitative analysis and simple mathematical models. Sensory transduction, signaling, adaptation, switches, molecular motors, actin and microtubules, motility, and circadian clocks. Prerequisites: differential equations and introductory statistical mechanics.

This course provides students teaching in the Department of Biology with basic training, support, and professional development in their teaching roles. Topics include student engagement, assessment, feedback and more. Should be taken concurrently with the first teaching position.

Limited to first year Biology PhD students. Lab rotations with Biosciences faculty.

For graduate students only. Individual research by arrangement with in-department instructors.

Individual research by arrangement with out-of-department instructors. Master's students: credit for work arranged with out-of-department instructors is restricted to Biology students and requires approved department petition. See http://biohonors.stanford.edu for more information. May be repeated for credit.

Limited to and required of first-year Ph.D. students in molecular, cellular, and developmental biology. Current research in molecular, cellular, and developmental biology emphasizing primary research literature. Held in conjunction with the department's Monday seminar series. Students and faculty meet weekly before the seminar for a student presentation and discussion of upcoming papers.

Required of first-year PhD students in population biology, and ecology and evolution. Major conceptual issues and developing topics. This course isopen only to Biology PhD students and is not open to auditors."

How you respond to the challenges commonly encountered in graduate school and ensuing careers impacts your motivation, productivity, health, and well-being. In this course you will learn: to recognize and rephrase negative self-talk and impostor fears; communicate more clearly and assertively with advisors; build supportive mentoring; handle (difficult) feedback; calm stress and overwhelming feelings; and boost resilience. Structure: NIH webinars and facilitated small discussion groups will provide vital individual support and help implement learned skills in daily life. This is a two-part series to be offered in both winter and spring, which progressively builds foundational well-being awareness with practical tools for sustainable impact on health and work habits.

Half of the class will be reading/presenting classic and modern papers relevant to evolutionary genomics, in a "journal club" format. We will cover a broad range of topics, methods, and species. The other half will be devoted to evolutionary genomic data analysis: pairs of students will choose a data set (either their own data or published data) and a specific question, and then work throughout the quarter to answer their question.

Enrollment limited to PhD students associated with departmental research groups in genetics or molecular biology.

Literature review, research, and current problems in the theory and practice of population genetics and molecular evolution. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

This once a week reading and discussion group will focus on adaptive capacity: how fast and how well species, populations and individual organisms react to climate change. A rapid change in environment imposes strong changes in ecological communities. Phenotypic plasticity can change physiology or morphology, patterns of natural selection can alter gene frequencies, demographic changes can shift species ranges, changes in species interactions can change communities in species composition. This seminar will explore what we know about adaptive capacity of different communities and different species. How fast can adaptation happen? How much can adaptation `solve¿ the problems generated by climate change? How do we measure adaptive capacity? We will pull readings from the literature and structure this topic into sections. Students will present their own or published work on adaptive capacity to provide examples and frame questions. At the end, we will design an international zoom symposium to highlight, define and articulate the role that adaptive capacity can play in managing and protecting complex ecosystems in the face of climate change.